Thermocouples are pairs of unlike wires joined at one end and generate a voltage relative to the temperature difference between the two ends. They can also be used to convert heat into electric power. The use of particular alloys are used to achieve different temperature ranges.
Thermocouple wires and connectors are color coded to indicate the type and polarity of the thermoelectric voltage that would be created. The colored portion are the insulators, which are particularly important because they separate the two conductors from each other until it's time for the wires to be joined. There are two types of insulators; one that separates the two conductors, and a second called a jacket that wraps the two insulated conductors together. The colors of the insulation have meaning, and there are standards for each color which varies for each country. There are also different colors used for the jacket as well. The color of the jacket can differentiate between a material that can be made into a thermocouple anywhere along its length, or a material that is only good at room temp.
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